Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia

Effect of low dose ketamine pretreatment on propofol injection pain: A randomised double blind, controlled trial

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Article Type : Original Article

Author Details: Madhu K.P,Yathish S.K*,R S Raghavendra Rao

Volume : 6

Issue : 3

Online ISSN : 2394-4994

Print ISSN : 2394-4781

Article First Page : 450

Article End Page : 454

Abstract

Introduction: Propofol being the most commonly used induction agent for general anaesthesia causes pain on injection as a side effect with an incidence of 28-90%. Ketamine is one of the drugs that have shown to reduce the incidence and severity of pain. The study aimed to know the efficacy of ketamine at 2 different doses on propofol injection pain.
Materials and Methods: After institutional ethical committee clearance and written informed consent 90 adult patients of ASA grade I/II aged between 20-60 years scheduled for various elective surgical procedures under general anaesthesia were randomly divided into 3 groups as group K100, group K200 and group S. Group K100 and K200 received 100 and 200µg/kg iv ketamine respectively and group S received 2ml normal saline over 15 seconds just before the injection of propofol over 30 seconds. Incidence of pain and its severity was measured in each patient using verbal rating scale as 0-3 grade while injecting propofol corresponding to no, mild, moderate, severe pain. Hemodynamic parameters were also recorded at specific time intervals. Data was collected and analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.
Results: The demographic data had no statistical difference among the groups. The incidence of pain in group K100, K200 and group S was 50%, 23.3%, 83.3% respectively which was significant statistically with P<0> Conclusion: Premedication with ketamine is a simple safe effective method to reduce propofol injection pain. 200µg/kg decreases the incidence and severity more effectively.

Keywords: Propofol, Pain, Ketamine, Premedication.

Doi No:-10.18231/j.ijca.2019.087